Athens and Sparta: A Tale of Two City States

Athens and Sparta: A Tale of Two City States j 

Complete research  the answers in the blanks. Define all terms that are bolded in the chart. Note: Some characteristics may be found in both.	ATHENS - capital of Greece	SPARTA-prominent city state in Greece
Which had the largest Population? (how many people?)	664,046 ( Athens was larger.)	16,239
Government Which was a limited direct democracy? Provide explanations and examples ( Athens) Which was a military oligarchy? Provide explanations and examples( Sparta) Which had two kings? Provide explanations and examples( Sparta) Which had an assembly? Provide explanations and examples( Athens and Sparta)	Strategos and Archons - Strategos is when they elected officials in Athens and Archons were in charge of organizing festivals. Council of the 500 - the council of the 500 job was to represent the government of Athens all the time. The Assembly It was eligible for all citizens to attend the meetings and speak up.The assemblies were held on a hill Pnyx. During the assembly they passed laws and made policy decisions.	Ephors elected annually ran the day-to-day operations of Sparta. They could veto rulings made by the council or assembly. Apella of 28 councilmen men over 60 and elected for life by the citizens) and the 2 kings. They acted as judges and proposed laws to the citizens' assembly.
Social Structure Which had citizens as the upper class? Provide explanations and examples (Athens, freemen encompassed all male citizens of the city) Which had foreigners as a working class? Provide explanations and examples(Athens and Sparta) Which had slaves? Provide explanations and examples(Sparta)	Freemen  were all male citizens: divided into numerous classes, aristocrats, small farmers, and thetes.  Aristocrats had large estates and made up the cavalry or captained triremes Metics  those who came from outside the city; they were not allowed to own land, but could run industries and businesses Slaves: They were the lowest class, not treated as harshly as other greek cities. Slaves had no rights and could be killed by an owner at any given time. The slaves varied in status, some given important roles in Athens  as policemen. Women weren’t seen outside homes much.	Spartiates military professionals who lived mostly in barracks and whose land was farmed by serfs; they served in the army and could vote Perioeci neighbors/outsiders who were freemen; they included artisans, craftsmen, merchants; they could not vote or serve in the army; foreigners could be in this class. Helots They were state owned and treated like slaves and gave half of their produce Spartiate citizens who owned the land they worked on. Women had very little rights but more independent in Sparta then anywhere else in Greece.
Allies Which was the leader of the Delian League? Provide explanations and examples Which was the leader of the Peloponnesian League?	Athens was the leader of Delian league	Sparta was the leader of the Peloponnesian league.
Military strengths Which had the strongest navy?  Which had the strongest army on land?	Athens had the strongest navy.	Sparta has the strongest army on land.
Lifestyle and values Which had militaristic values? Which had democratic values? Provide explanations and examples( Sparta had a militaristic values), (Athens had democratic values)	Athenian culture Athenians believed in their cultural superiority and in their role in an empire and benefiting from trade.	Spartan Culture Militaristic values. Children of citizens were raised to be "Spartan", taught to get along with almost nothing. Spartiate citizens were not permitted to own gold or silver or luxuries. Spartan children were taught to respect elderly, women, and warriors.
Role of women Which limited women's role in politics? Provide explanations and examples( Athens) Which gave the most freedom to women? Provide explanations and examples( Sparta)	Role of women in Athenian Society Athenian women and girls were kept at home with no participation in sports or politics. Wives were considered property of their husbands. They were responsible for spinning, weaving and other domestic arts.	Role of women in Spartan Society Girls were educated in reading and writing and could participate in sports; they were treated more as equals to men. The goal was to produce women who would produce strong healthy babies. At age 18 she would be assigned a husband and return home. Citizen women were free to move around and enjoyed a great deal of freedom
Education Which valued choral dance and music? Provide explanations and examples  ( Athens)  Which valued athletics? Provide explanations and examples ( Athens and Sparta ) Which gave more education to girls? Provide explanations and examples ( Sparta) Which gave the most education to boys? Provide explanations and examples (Athens)	Boys: Based upon their birth and the wealth of their parents, the length of education was from the age of 5 to 14, for the wealthier 5 - 18. citizen boys entered a military training camp for two years, until the age of twenty. Foreign metics and slaves were not expected to attain anything but a basic education in Greece, but were not excluded from it either. Girls:  Girls received little formal education (except perhaps in the aristocrats' homes through tutors); they were generally kept at home and had no political power in Athens. The education of a girl involved spinning, weaving, and other domestic art.	Boys: Boys were taken from parents at age seven and trained in the art of warfare. At age 20 they were placed into higher ranks of the military Girls: Girls were educated at age 7 in reading and writing, gymnastics, athletics and survival skills. Could participate in sports; treated more as equals.
Cultural achievements and legacy - What are the achievements and the legacy of each? Provide explanations and examples	Major Achievements in Athens - democracy, philosophy, olympics, and acropolis.  Legacy - developed democracy.	Major achievements in Sparta - had an organized society, military prowess, and gender empowerment. Legacy - heroism
Other- Anything else that you found interesting in your research!	They have experienced almost every form of government.	Spartan men needed to stay in shape.

Reflection Questions 

After completing the comparative chart exercise, which city state would you personally have chosen to live in? Explain why, using direct examples from your research and findings. What did you find appealing about the city state that you chose? If you could change anything about the city state you chose to live in, what would it be? Why? Which city state most resembles how life in Western societies exists today? Explain. 

I would have chosen to live in Sparta because they were a more powerful city state. Sparta also has a much more protective army and girls got some respect. They let them have some freedom and also go to school. Something i found appealing about Sparta is the men had to stay fit until the age of 60 and if i could change one thing about Sparta I would allow the women to have even more rights than they had. The city state that resembles western societies that exists today was Sparta. The prowess and

fearlessness of Sparta's soldiers has had an impact on the western society for millenia.