crucible of civilization video

1. What was the situation in Athens in 508 BC? 

pandemonium roamed the streets and ordinary people turned on their leaders in search of freedom and escaping repression.

2. What class did Cleisthenes come from and what kind of power did this group exercise over Athenians? 

- brought up to be a ruler
- born in 570 B.C., he was an aristocrat (the ruling class/elite)
- aristocrats ruled Athens

3. How did Aristotle describe life for most Athenians in the 6th century BC? 

- the country was in the hands of a few people, which was better
- no reading and writing
- common people had no say
- often injustice

4. Where were the great civilizations in Cleisthenes day and how was Greece geographically different than these? 

- had many mountains and small islands
- south and east to egypt and persia
- divided into independent "city-states"

5. What Greek city seemed the most likely to dominate all others politically during Cleisthenes lifetime? 

- Sparta
- Spartans brought up to be soldiers; no comfort and lots of discipline

6. What specific stories inspired Cleisthenes and his fellow Greeks? 

- ancient tales and myths
- Homer's the Iliad and the Odyssey; included heroes and struggles

7. Describe Arete, the Greek ideal or vision of a hero. 

- Cleisthenes brought up to be this
- pursuit a life of greatness and glory through strength and valor
- seize power for oneself and be a real-life hero

8. What surprising political move did the ruler Pisistratus make in order to consolidate power in Athens? 

- he turned to the commoners for support rather than the elite
- lower taxes and free loans

9. What was Athens' most valuable trading commodity? 

- olives for cooking oil
- moisturizer
- soap

10. What Athenian product that was almost worthless at the time now commonly fetches millions of dollars on the Antiquities market? What were the artisans who made these products main motivation in doing such good work? 

- the vase
- their main motivation came from doing each other

11. How was Hippias a different ruler than his father Pisistratus? What did he do to his father's reforms? 

    After his mothers death he cruel tortured the murderers of her and the tyranny became very
    harsh and he was suspicious of everyone.

12. What did Cleisthenes do in 510 BC? How was Greek society in Athens changing at this time? 

He overthrew hiappas and banished him from Athens forever. 

13. How had the Olympics changed from their founding to the days of Cleisthenes and how did this festival influence ordinary Greeks? 
    
    
    It was a chance to display heroic actions and there's no main prize just fame around Greece,

14. Who did Isagoras turn to in 508 BC to help him overthrow Cleisthenes? 
    He turned to the spartans for help, ( the Athens worse enemy)

15. What happened in Athens while Cleisthenes was in exile? What did this do for Cleisthenes? 
    The revolution begins while he is in exile. They ov

16. What did Cleisthenes carve out from the hillside that was near the Acropolis and why did he do this? What was this the beginning of?