Lo1:
polis- made up of a city and its surrounding countryside, which included numerous villages.
acropolis- agora, or marketplace, or on a fortified hilltop
monarchy-
oligarchy- a government ruled by a few powerful people.
aristocracy- a government ruled by a small group of noble, landowning families.
demos- everyday people
citizen- a legally recognized subject or national of a state or commonwealth, either native or naturalized.
tyranny- Powerful individuals, usually nobles or other wealthy citizens, sometimes seized control of the government by appealing to the common people for support.
lo2:
the method of governing areas had changed from tribal or clan control to more
formal governments; the city-states. Monarchy, Oligarchy, tyranny, and democracy were all new forms of government. Early greeks were ruled by kings but then they formed oligarchies. The everyday people eventually gained some power due to demand for soldiers. In times of internal conflict a city-state might appoint a tyrant to be dictator for a set time. Democracy where larger groups had citizens vote, was visible in Athens.
Lo3:
Athens and Sparta's lifestyle: From around 600 until 371 B.C., Sparta had the most powerful army in Greece. The Spartan people paid a high price for their military supremacy. All forms of individual expression were discouraged. As a result, Spartans did not value the arts, literature, or other artistic and intellectual pursuits. Spartans valued duty, strength, and discipline over freedom, individuality, beauty, and learning. Athenians For the most part, only the sons of wealthy families received formal education. Schooling began around the age of seven and largely prepared boys to be good citizens. They studied reading, grammar, poetry, history, mathematics, and music. Because citizens were expected to debate issues in the assembly, boys also received training in logic and public speaking. And since the Greeks believed that it was important to train and develop the body, part of each day was spent in athletic activities.
4) Solon outlawed debt slavery. He organized all Athenian citizens into four social classes according to wealth. Only members of the top three classes could hold political office. All citizens, regardless of class, could participate in the Athenian assembly. Solon also introduced the legal concept that any citizen could bring charges against wrongdoers.
Cleisthenes broke up the power of the nobility by organizing citizens into ten groups based on where they lived rather than on their wealth. He also increased the power of the assembly by allowing all citizens to submit laws for debate and passage. He then created the Council of Five Hundred. This body proposed laws and counseled the assembly. Council members were chosen by lot, or at random. The reforms of Cleisthenes allowed Athenian citizens to participate in a limited democracy.
5) Athens benefited from the Persian war Athens and began to use its power to control the other league members. It moved the league headquarters to Athens, and used military force against members that challenged its authority. In time, these city-states became little more than provinces of a vast Athenian empire. The prestige of victory over the Persians and the wealth of the Athenian empire set the stage for a dazzling burst of creativity in Athens. The city was entering its brief golden age.
polis- made up of a city and its surrounding countryside, which included numerous villages.
acropolis- agora, or marketplace, or on a fortified hilltop
monarchy-
- State ruled by a king
- Rule is hereditary
- Some rulers claim divine right
- Practiced in Mycenae by 2000 B.C.
oligarchy- a government ruled by a few powerful people.
aristocracy- a government ruled by a small group of noble, landowning families.
demos- everyday people
citizen- a legally recognized subject or national of a state or commonwealth, either native or naturalized.
tyranny- Powerful individuals, usually nobles or other wealthy citizens, sometimes seized control of the government by appealing to the common people for support.
lo2:
the method of governing areas had changed from tribal or clan control to more
formal governments; the city-states. Monarchy, Oligarchy, tyranny, and democracy were all new forms of government. Early greeks were ruled by kings but then they formed oligarchies. The everyday people eventually gained some power due to demand for soldiers. In times of internal conflict a city-state might appoint a tyrant to be dictator for a set time. Democracy where larger groups had citizens vote, was visible in Athens.
Lo3:
Athens and Sparta's lifestyle: From around 600 until 371 B.C., Sparta had the most powerful army in Greece. The Spartan people paid a high price for their military supremacy. All forms of individual expression were discouraged. As a result, Spartans did not value the arts, literature, or other artistic and intellectual pursuits. Spartans valued duty, strength, and discipline over freedom, individuality, beauty, and learning. Athenians For the most part, only the sons of wealthy families received formal education. Schooling began around the age of seven and largely prepared boys to be good citizens. They studied reading, grammar, poetry, history, mathematics, and music. Because citizens were expected to debate issues in the assembly, boys also received training in logic and public speaking. And since the Greeks believed that it was important to train and develop the body, part of each day was spent in athletic activities.
- democracy- rule by the people
- helot- peasants forced to stay on the land they worked
- phalanx- fearsome formation that became the most powerful fighting force in the world
- Persian Wars- between Greece and the Persian Empire, began in Ionia on the coast of Anatolia.
2) The most important that I felt was more important for life today was the forms of government and leadership.
3) oligarchy is with more than one and aristocracy is a government ruled by a small group of people.
4) Solon outlawed debt slavery. He organized all Athenian citizens into four social classes according to wealth. Only members of the top three classes could hold political office. All citizens, regardless of class, could participate in the Athenian assembly. Solon also introduced the legal concept that any citizen could bring charges against wrongdoers.
Cleisthenes broke up the power of the nobility by organizing citizens into ten groups based on where they lived rather than on their wealth. He also increased the power of the assembly by allowing all citizens to submit laws for debate and passage. He then created the Council of Five Hundred. This body proposed laws and counseled the assembly. Council members were chosen by lot, or at random. The reforms of Cleisthenes allowed Athenian citizens to participate in a limited democracy.
5) Athens benefited from the Persian war Athens and began to use its power to control the other league members. It moved the league headquarters to Athens, and used military force against members that challenged its authority. In time, these city-states became little more than provinces of a vast Athenian empire. The prestige of victory over the Persians and the wealth of the Athenian empire set the stage for a dazzling burst of creativity in Athens. The city was entering its brief golden age.
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